Verbs + ing Vs. Verbs + infinitive.
If there are two verbs together in a sentence, often the second one is either in the infinitive form (to play) or the continuous form (playing). Have a look at this example, only one of the sentences is correct:
· I enjoy to play piano X
· I enjoy playing piano √
a. We use the infinitive after certain verbs:
- forget, help, learn, teach, train
-choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
-agree, encourage, pretend, promise, recommend
-allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse
Have a look at these examples:
You forgot to water the plants.
I can’t decide what to wear.
We promise to help you if we can.
I hope to see you again soon.
b. We also always use the infinitive after adjectives:
- happy, sad, sorry, disappointed, angry, pleased, delighted, glad, surprised, relieved etc.
Have a look at these examples:
I was sorry to hear about your recent troubles.
I’m happy to hear from you.
She was angry to discover Charles was lying to her.
We’re delighted to have you here in our home.
They were relieved to know it was all over.
c. This is also the same for the form too + adjective:
- too cold, too hot, too windy, too sunny, too salty, too sweet etc.
Have a look at these examples:
This tea is too hot to drink.
It’s too windy to go for a swim today.
This soup is too salty to eat.
My feet are too sore to walk anymore.
d. The infinitive is also used with the form adjective + enough.
- rich enough, clever enough, strong enough, tall enough, short enough etc.
Have a look at these examples:
Are you tall enough to touch the ceiling?
My four year old son is clever enough to read short novels.
Will this glue by strong enough to fix the window?
This sandwich is big enough to have for dinner!
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a. The -ing form is used when the word is the subject of the sentence or clause.
Have a look at these examples:
Running is an excellent form of exercise.
Doctors say that eating too much butter is bad for your health.
It is well known that smoking damages your lungs.
b. The -ing or continuous form is used after certain verbs:
- avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practice etc.
Have a look at these examples:
I dislike eating fish.
I practice playing piano every evening.
I enjoy baking cakes.
I don’t mind working late, as long as I get paid overtime.
c. The continuous form is also used after a preposition:
- to, without, against, at, by, from, for, until, with, up, before, after etc.
Have a look at these examples:
We’re looking forward to meeting you.
Don’t you leave the table withoutfinishing your dinner!
I’m against wearing fur.
I’m at the café waiting for you.
Activity 1
Fill the gap with the correct form of the verb.
1. I enjoy_______( watch) films on Saturdays.
2. I need_______( take) a holiday!
3. I’m against______(test) on animals.
4. Jane was so relieved_____( see) her son again.
5. The boat was big enough_____( fit) everyone on board.
6. I would like_______(show) you all what I’ve been working on.
7. ________(read) helps you learn English.
8. I decided not____(go) to the party.
9. She’s afraid of_____(go) by plane.
10. The water is too shallow_____(swim)properly.
11. I’ve decided_____(make) a change in my life.
12. When teaching English you need______(devote) a little bit of time to each student individually.
13. I was going to take a course on giving up_______(smoke), but in the end, it was unnecessary.
14. Although I’m happy______(fish) all morning, I dislike_______(have) to clean them afterwards.
15. I don’t mind_______(sleep) in, but I hate______(have)to eat lunch as the first meal of the day.
Activity 2
Make sentences using the word given.
1. Practise.
2. Sorry.
3. Before
4. Too wide
5. Glad
6. Pretend
7. Love
8. To
9. Start
10. Enjoy
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